能源是國民經濟發展的物質基礎和原動力。近年來，能源緊缺日漸成為制約經濟發展的關鍵因素，并且化石燃料的大量燃燒造成嚴重的環境污染和溫室效應。以前被忽略的焦爐煤氣、垃圾填埋氣、煤層氣等可燃氣體越來越受到人們的重視。合理充分利用這些可燃性資源不僅可以有效緩解能源緊張問題，同時也有利于減輕環境污染問題。

　　Energy is the material foundation and driving force for the development of the national economy. In recent years, energy scarcity has become a key factor restricting economic development, and the large-scale combustion of fossil fuels has caused serious environmental pollution and greenhouse effect. Previously overlooked combustible gases such as coke oven gas, landfill gas, and coalbed methane are receiving increasing attention from people. Reasonably and fully utilizing these combustible resources can not only effectively alleviate energy shortages, but also help alleviate environmental pollution problems.

　　尾氣余熱發電的理論可行性

　　Theoretical feasibility of tail gas waste heat power generation

　　焦爐尾氣生產與利用現狀我國是世界上焦炭生產最大的國家，每年估計大約有2億t優質煤炭用于生產焦炭。在煉焦生產出焦炭和焦油產品的同時會產生大量的高溫煙氣，即焦爐尾氣。焦爐尾氣余熱發電是指將這些多余煙氣的熱量轉化為電能的技術。其中，用于發電的余熱主要有高溫煙氣余熱、低溫余熱、冷卻介質余熱、化學反應余熱以及廢氣、廢液余熱等七種。余熱發電的關鍵設備是余熱鍋爐和發電機組，余熱鍋爐可利用可燃質或廢液、廢氣等工質中的余熱作熱源，生產蒸汽用于發電。根據相關調查顯示，焦爐尾氣的余熱總資源約占煤炭消耗總量的17％～67％，可利用的余熱約占余熱總量的60％。合理有效利用焦爐尾氣是提高能源利用率，減輕環境污染的一個重要舉措。

　　The current situation of production and utilization of coke oven exhaust gas: China is the country with the largest coke production in the world, with an estimated 200 million tons of high-quality coal used for coke production every year. At the same time as coking produces coke and tar products, a large amount of high-temperature flue gas, namely coke oven tail gas, is generated. Coke oven tail gas waste heat power generation refers to the technology of converting the excess heat of these flue gases into electrical energy. Among them, the waste heat used for power generation mainly includes seven types: high-temperature flue gas waste heat, low-temperature waste heat, cooling medium waste heat, chemical reaction waste heat, and waste gas and waste liquid waste heat. The key equipment for waste heat power generation is the waste heat boiler and generator set. The waste heat boiler can use the waste heat from combustible materials or working fluids such as waste liquid and exhaust gas as a heat source to produce steam for power generation. According to relevant surveys, the total waste heat resources of coke oven exhaust gas account for about 17% to 67% of the total coal consumption, and the available waste heat accounts for about 60% of the total waste heat. Reasonable and effective utilization of coke oven exhaust gas is an important measure to improve energy efficiency and reduce environmental pollution.

　　目前，國內對于焦爐尾氣余熱回收利用的途徑很多，主要包括綜合利用、直接利用以及余熱發電利用。直接利用是指將余熱應用于空調暖通或作為動力源等，利用率相對較高，但限于暖通空調季節變化較大或用量較小等特點，以及作為動力用要求相對穩定的負荷的特點，直接利用的方式具有一定的局限性。隨著我國對節能減排的支持，對能源的重視以及余熱發電技術的日益成熟，余熱發電所帶來的經濟和社會效益越來越受到企業的重視，利用焦爐尾氣生產高品質電能逐漸成為余熱利用的趨勢，有利于提高資源利用率，緩解供電緊張。

　　At present, there are many ways to recover and utilize the waste heat from coke oven tail gas in China, mainly including comprehensive utilization, direct utilization, and waste heat power generation utilization. Direct utilization refers to the use of waste heat for air conditioning, heating and ventilation, or as a power source, with a relatively high utilization rate. However, due to the characteristics of large seasonal variations or small usage in HVAC, as well as the requirement for relatively stable loads as power, direct utilization has certain limitations. With China's support for energy conservation and emission reduction, emphasis on energy, and the increasing maturity of waste heat power generation technology, the economic and social benefits brought by waste heat power generation are receiving more and more attention from enterprises. The use of coke oven tail gas to produce high-quality electricity has gradually become a trend in waste heat utilization, which is conducive to improving resource utilization efficiency and alleviating power supply shortages.

　　焦爐尾氣余熱發電的方式電能是一種使用靈活且方便的高級能。對于焦爐尾氣的高溫余熱，采用余熱發電的回收利用方式更符合能及匹配原則。而對于焦爐尾氣的低溫度余熱，在沒有熱用戶的情況下，可以選擇的回收方式則是將余熱轉化為電能后再加以利用。焦爐尾氣的余熱發電一般有三種方式：一是首先利用余熱鍋爐產生蒸汽，再通過蒸汽輪機或燃氣輪機等發電機組，按背壓式循環或凝汽式機組循環發電。

　　The method of generating electricity from coke oven tail gas waste heat is a flexible and convenient advanced energy source. For the high-temperature waste heat of coke oven tail gas, the recycling and utilization method of waste heat power generation is more in line with the principle of energy and matching. For the low-temperature waste heat of coke oven tail gas, in the absence of heat users, the alternative recovery method is to convert the waste heat into electrical energy and then reuse it. There are generally three ways to generate electricity from the waste heat of coke oven exhaust gas: firstly, steam is generated by a waste heat boiler, and then electricity is generated by a back pressure cycle or condensing unit cycle through a steam turbine or gas turbine generator set.

　　二是采用氟利昂等低沸點工質回收低、中溫余熱，在透平中將產生的氟利昂蒸氣等按朗肯循環膨脹做功，帶動發電機組發電。三是對于焦爐尾氣的高溫余熱，將其作為燃氣輪機工質的熱源，經加熱、加壓等方式推動燃氣輪機做功，在帶動燃氣輪機做功的同時，帶動發電機組發電。1.3焦爐尾氣發電的特點焦爐尾氣余熱發電的特點主要表現在五個方面：一是建設期短，一般4臺500kW的內燃機發電機建設成總裝機容量為2000kW的燃氣發電站，建設期為20d左右。二是可以實現焦化廠的雙回路供電，利用焦爐尾氣余熱發電，能夠改善焦化廠的供電條件，尤其是供電緊張的焦化廠，可以在外界供電緊張的情況下，保持正常的運行。三是有利于保護環境，焦爐尾氣余熱的主要成分是氫氣、甲烷、一氧化碳等，焦爐尾氣余熱發電可以變廢為寶，減少燃燒排空造成的空氣污染，對環境保護具有非常積的意義。四是方便搬遷，燃氣發電機組的體積小，能夠方便移動。五是電站規模范圍廣，發電機組各種功率規格齊全，品種多，焦化廠可根據焦爐尾氣的量選擇電站規模。

　　The second is to use low boiling point refrigerants such as Freon to recover low and medium temperature waste heat, and to expand the generated Freon vapor in the turbine according to the Rankine cycle to do work, driving the generator set to generate electricity. The third is to use the high-temperature waste heat from coke oven exhaust gas as a heat source for gas turbine working fluid, and to drive the gas turbine to do work through heating, pressurization, and other methods. While driving the gas turbine to do work, it also drives the generator set to generate electricity. 1.3 Characteristics of Coke Oven Tail Gas Power Generation The characteristics of coke oven tail gas waste heat power generation are mainly manifested in five aspects: firstly, the construction period is short. Generally, four 500kW internal combustion engine generators are built into a gas power station with a total installed capacity of 2000kW, and the construction period is about 20 days. The second is to achieve dual circuit power supply for coking plants, utilizing the waste heat of coke oven tail gas to generate electricity, which can improve the power supply conditions of coking plants, especially for those with tight power supply, and can maintain normal operation under external power supply constraints. Thirdly, it is beneficial for protecting the environment. The main components of coke oven tail gas waste heat are hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, etc. Coke oven tail gas waste heat power generation can turn waste into treasure, reduce air pollution caused by combustion and exhaust, and have a very positive significance for environmental protection. Fourthly, it is convenient for relocation. The gas generator set has a small volume and can be easily moved. Fifthly, the power station has a wide range of scales, with various power specifications and varieties of generator sets. Coking plants can choose the power station scale according to the amount of coke oven tail gas.

　　本文由  焦化氣發電機組 友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://m.50gaoxiao.com/   真誠的態度.為您提供為的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

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