瓦斯發電機組主開關常見故障及解決辦法淺析

　　A Brief Analysis of Common Malfunctions and Solutions of the Main Switch in Gas Generator Sets

　　瓦斯發電機組主開關在電力系統的發電過程中是一個及其重要的部件。瓦斯發電機組與主匯流排接通與斷開的協調工作就由山主開關來完成的。它既作發機主電路通斷用，又作瓦斯發電機組的繼電保護裝置用，道常在電站主配板中，瓦斯發電機組主開關是采用框架式萬能空氣斷路器，其他配電開關大多采用塑殼式。

　　The main switch of the gas generator set is an extremely important component in the power generation process of the power system. The coordination work of connecting and disconnecting the gas generator set and the main busbar is completed by the mountain main switch. It is used for both the on/off of the main circuit of the generator and the relay protection device of the gas generator set. It is commonly found in the main distribution board of the power station. The main switch of the gas generator set adopts a frame type universal air circuit breaker, while most other distribution switches adopt a plastic shell type.

　　主開關出現故障，就會造成局部或全網的斷電。因此如何及時、快速、地處理主開關的故障就顯得為重要。本文在對一些使用瓦斯發電機組組的廠礦企業的瓦斯發電機組主開關的故障進行了分析，并按照相關的分類和故障現象總結出了故障處理辦法。

　　If the main switch malfunctions, it will cause partial or complete power outages in the network. Therefore, it is extremely important to promptly, quickly, and accurately handle faults in the main switch. This article analyzes the faults of the main switch of gas generator sets in some factories and mining enterprises that use gas generator sets, and summarizes the fault handling methods according to relevant classifications and fault phenomena.

　　1瓦斯發電機組主開關常見故障及處理

　　Common faults and solutions of the main switch of a gas generator set

　　配電板上的主開關正常狀態下主開關在正常狀態作為接通或斷開主電路的開關電器，在非正常狀態，它又用作對主電路進行過載、短路和欠壓保護電器。

　　The main switch on the distribution board is used as a switching device to connect or disconnect the main circuit in the normal state. In the abnormal state, it is also used as an overload, short circuit, and undervoltage protection device for the main circuit.

　　2瓦斯發電機組保護動作使主開關跳閘的判別

　　2. Discrimination of main switch tripping caused by protective action of gas generator set

　　2.1瓦斯發電機組過載保護的判別

　　2.1 Discrimination of Overload Protection for Gas Generator Sets

　　一般是發生在瓦斯發電機組單機運行在較大負荷下，在不察看瓦斯發電機組實際功率時啟動大負荷運行,如啟動空壓機、壓載泵等致瓦斯發電機組過載而跳閘;也可能發生在并聯運行時，其中一臺機組因機電故障保護立即跳閘,而分級卸載裝置失靈或卸載后仍過載致運行機組出現過載而發生保護跳閘等場合。

　　Generally, it occurs when a gas generator unit operates under high loads and starts operating at high loads without checking the actual power of the gas generator unit, such as starting an air compressor, ballast pump, etc., causing the gas generator unit to overload and trip; It may also occur during parallel operation, where one unit trips immediately due to mechanical and electrical fault protection, and the graded unloading device fails or the operating unit is still overloaded after unloading, resulting in protection tripping.

　　2.2瓦斯發電機組欠壓保護的判別

　　2.2 Discrimination of Under Voltage Protection for Gas Generator Sets

　　瓦斯發電機組欠壓保護跳閘主要發生在調速器及燃油系統或調壓器出現故障的場合。調速器及燃油系統故障導致欠壓保護的判斷依據是先出現轉速下降(這可從發電機聲音聽到)后發生跳閘，調壓器故障導致的欠壓保護可光出現電壓下降(這從照明燈的亮度變化看出)后發生跳閘。

　　The undervoltage protection tripping of gas generator sets mainly occurs in situations where the governor, fuel system, or regulator fails. The judgment basis for undervoltage protection caused by faults in the governor and fuel system is that the speed drops first (as can be heard from the sound of the generator) and then trips, while undervoltage protection caused by faults in the regulator can cause voltage drops (as can be seen from changes in the brightness of the lighting) and then trips.

　　2.3瓦斯發電機組逆功率保護的判別

　　2.3 Discrimination of Reverse Power Protection for Gas Generator Sets

　　瓦斯發電機組逆功率保護跳閘主要發生在并車操作合閘時刻掌握不當，導致待并機組主開關合上后跳閘,或并聯運行時負荷分配操作調節方向調反，或并聯時其中一臺調速器損壞或燃汕中斷等場合會發生逆功率保護跳閘。

　　The reverse power protection tripping of gas generator sets mainly occurs when the timing of closing the parallel operation is not properly controlled, resulting in tripping after the main switch of the parallel unit is closed, or when the load distribution operation adjustment direction is reversed during parallel operation, or when one of the speed controllers is damaged or the fuel is interrupted during parallel operation.

　　2.4瓦斯發電機組外部短路故障的判別

　　2.4 Identification of External Short Circuit Faults in Gas Generator Sets

　　這里指的是按規范要求的對瓦斯發電機組外部短路保護，即瓦斯發電機組電流大于等于2IN 時主開關跳閘這一故障的判別。

　　This refers to the identification of the fault of the main switch tripping when the current of the gas generator set is greater than or equal to 2IN, which is required by the specifications for external short-circuit protection of the gas generator set.

　　(1)對于具有自動電站管理系統的電站。

　　(1) For power plants with automatic power plant management systems.

　　當發生瓦斯發電機組主開關跳閘主電網失電除報警外機艙沒有任何其他反應日報警指示的是短路故障時，說明這時發生了瓦斯發電機組外部短路故障。

　　When the main switch of the gas generator unit trips and the main power grid loses power, except for the alarm, there is no other reaction in the engine room. If the alarm indicates a short circuit fault, it indicates that an external short circuit fault has occurred in the gas generator unit.

　　(2)對于常規電站。

　　(2) For conventional power plants.

　　當發生瓦斯發電機組主開關跳閘,這一跳閘不是發生在同時啟動幾臺大負荷時,也不是出現在利用船上起貨機進行裝卸貨作業時;不是先出現轉速下降后發生主開關跳閘，也不是先發生電壓下降后再跳閘(從照明燈的亮度可得到判別)。這時一般可斷定發生了瓦斯發電機組外部短路故障，但也不排除有關人員的操作失誤如并車作不當使瓦斯發電機組電流達短路保護整定值，或也有可能足山于主開關木身故障引起跳間。

　　When the main switch of the gas generator unit trips, this trip does not occur when several large loads are started simultaneously, nor does it occur when loading and unloading operations are carried out using the ship's cargo crane; It's not that the main switch trips after the speed drops first, nor is it that the voltage drops first and then trips again (as can be determined by the brightness of the lighting). At this point, it can generally be concluded that an external short circuit fault has occurred in the gas generator set. However, it cannot be ruled out that operational errors by relevant personnel, such as improper parallel operation, may cause the current of the gas generator set to reach the short-circuit protection setting value, or it may also be due to a fault in the main switch body causing a jump.

　　3 主開關跳閘的應急處理

　　Emergency handling of 3 main switches tripping

　　3.1可能引起跳閘的原因

　　3.1 Possible causes of tripping

　　(1)負荷太大或電網發生短路，引起過載或短路保護動作而跳閘。

　　(1) Excessive load or short circuit in the power grid can cause overload or short circuit protection to trip.

　　(2)瓦斯發電機組主開關誤動作而跳間，即不屬于主開關保護功能正常動作的跳間如由于劇烈振動，使失正脫扣線圈失電而跳問等

　　(2) The main switch of the gas generator set trips due to misoperation, which does not belong to the normal operation of the main switch protection function. For example, due to severe vibration, the trip coil loses power and trips

　　(3)調整器失靈,使原動機的油門不能隨負荷大小而做相應調節,轉速過高或 過低，使超速或低速保護裝置或欠壓保護動作而跳閘。

　　(3) The regulator fails, causing the throttle of the prime mover to not adjust according to the load, and the speed is too high or too low, causing the overspeed or low-speed protection device or undervoltage protection to trip.

　　燃汕系統滲水或燃汕管系堵塞，關錯燃汕，使燃汕中斷等，使原動機停

　　Water seepage in the combustion system or blockage of the combustion pipeline, incorrect shutdown of the combustion system, interruption of the combustion system, etc., causing the prime mover to stop

　　裝卸貨時跳閘，多因數臺起貨機同時起動，過載而跳閘。

　　Tripping during loading and unloading, multiple factor platform crane started simultaneously, and tripped due to overload.

　　并車引起跳閘，應立即使任一臺瓦斯發電機組合閘，再重新車。

　　If the trip is caused by merging, any gas generator combination should be immediately tripped before restarting.

　　3.2 采取的措施

　　3.2 Measures taken

　　遇到跳閘事故，主管人員應迅速奔赴現場，一方面立即起動備用機紐，另(1)一方面同時觀察配電板上電壓表及頻率表,如二表指示正帶,可關掉一些次要負載或起貨機，市新合閘，仔細觀察各指示儀表的變化，一切穩定正常，可繼續送電使用;如果電壓表、頻率表無指示，表明瓦斯發電機組組或調壓系統有問題，需進一步檢查，待備用機組起動成功后，合閘送電，再進一步檢查故障機組。

　　In the event of a tripping accident, the supervisor should quickly rush to the scene. On the one hand, they should immediately start the standby power button. On the other hand, they should observe the voltage and frequency meters on the distribution board at the same time. If the two meters indicate positive, they can turn off some secondary loads or cargo cranes, close the circuit breaker, and carefully observe the changes in each indicator instrument. Everything is stable and normal, and power can continue to be supplied for use; If there is no indication on the voltmeter and frequency meter, it indicates that there is a problem with the gas generator set or voltage regulation system, and further inspection is required. After the standby unit is successfully started, the power is switched on and the faulty unit is further inspected.

　　如備用機組起動建立電壓后，合不上閘，說明負載有短路可能，應先關掉(2)所冇負載，再逐一送電，可把知路負載篩選出來，再進行檢修。

　　If the standby unit fails to close the circuit breaker after establishing voltage during start-up, it indicates that there may be a short circuit in the load. The (2) loads should be turned off first, and then power should be supplied one by one. The circuit load can be screened out before maintenance.

　　本文由  瓦斯發電機組 友情奉獻.更多有關的知識請點擊  http://m.50gaoxiao.com/   真誠的態度.為您提供為的服務.更多有關的知識我們將會陸續向大家奉獻.敬請期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from a biogas generator set For more related knowledge, please click http://m.50gaoxiao.com/ Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.